Plato †Justice Essay

1. Introduction In this essay in is a discussion about based on philosopher and which group of multitude Plato estimates should be ruling and why. The essay will start off with explicate profound concepts, for example what is a philosopher because it is much easier to pick up the easy when unmatchable(a) understands the key terms in it, terms that will appear passim the essay itself.Then Platos theory will then be analysed in more detail and it is excessively of great importance that one also dialog about Platos background because that is where he started to fit things and that is when he started having ideas as to how the country should be ruled or governed and who should be doing the governing. It is also very important for a person to look at what was said by other pile about Platos sample state. 2. Clarification of key concepts.Bellow will be the clarification of key concepts and by that it simply means that the key words that will be used in this essay will be defi ned and understand a little more better for convenient reading. 2. 1 What is a philosopher? When one is tackling such an essay it is very important that one understands what a philosopher is and what makes one a philosopher. Well a philosopher is a person who constantly trying to understand life and why things are done the panache they are cosmos done and also find better ship sessal of doing things. Philosophers seek answers to the read/write heads of life and seek solutions.Philosophers use their intellect and also their ain experiences. Philosophers are also people that love to share erudition and get a line others what they already know so that they can also grow. When one talks about philosophers it is mostly about people that are deep valueers and they think about life and the things that happen around them on a cursory basis. According to Benson (1992 63) during the ancient times Greek philosophers would sometimes spend the entirely day thinking and for that day they would not talk to anyone, it would be serious them and their thoughts.A philosopher can be anyone and from any gender, anyone who has an interest in the get wind of knowledge. 2. 2 guess of arbiter According to Pappas (1995 32) justice is defined by Polemarchus as the act of giving what belongs to the person and doing erect to friends and not good by enemies. Theory of justice is wholly about treating people somewhat and by fairly it means as they deserve. Rawls (2001 83) points out that justice can be defined two various ways, one commentary be that a person must earn it for example by virtue or an individual can lack it.So harmonise to this definition it is clear that it simply means that one must be tough exactly as they deserve. This merit theory of justice, reflecting utilitarian ethics, uses merit to incur just how individual members of society will be rewarded or punish based solely upon whether ones conduct is useful or harmful to society. The need theory o f justice, which assumes that individual members of society should help those other members who are most in need so as to remunerate their disadvantages. So this is all about treating people as they deserve and recognise them as they should be or for some punishing them. 3.3 Theory of Souls Platos Theories of Soul According to Lorenz & Hendrik in that location were various developments that were occurring in the one-sixth and one-fifth centuries in the way Greeks thought and spoke of the consciousness toped in a very complex notion that strikes one as amazingly close to conceptions of the soul that we find in fourth century philosophic theories, notably Platos. There is thus some reason to think that the philosophical theories in question are shell interpreted as working with, and on, the relatively non-theoretical notion of the soul that by the end of the fifth century has come to be embedded in run-of-the-mine language.In what follows our main concern will be to characte rize some of the theories in question. But we should also attend, wherever this appears appropriate and helpful, to ways in which familiarity with the ordinary notion of the soul might enable us better to understand why a theory or an billet proceeds the way it does. In addition, we should note ways in which philosophical theories might seem to clarify and further articulate the ordinary notion.We begin with Plato, and with a question that is intimately tied up with the ordinary notion of the soul as it developed from the Homeric poems onwards, namely whether a persons soul does indeed survive the persons death. 3. Platos background In understanding Plato more it is very important that one also knows Platos background. Plato was born in the year 427 BC and was born in an blue(a) family. An Aristocratic family is one that is on the one hand impractical, reason be that they were based on a God- comparable willingness to place the good of the community in advance the rulers own i nterest (Heywood, 200728).According to Plato politics in natural and not artificial. It is also important that one states that Platos greatest influence was Socrates as he learned a lot from him. 4. How Plato views democracy and who should rule according to Plato Heywood (2007 71) states that thinkers such as Plato as well as Aristotle had a different view to democracy and they saw it as a system that was there to rule masses at the expense of intuition and property. Plato inadequacyed people to be ruled by philosophers.According to Heywood (2007 76) political equality was uneffective and he attacked it on grounds that the people lead got neither the wisdom nor the experience to rule wisely on their behalf. So according to Plato the best people for the job of representing the people it was the philosophers. Plato believed that the philosophers were wise educated people that would hire logical thinking and also use experience too. According to Plato in his book the re macrocos m Plato stated that government should be placed in the hands of the philosophers being the kings and guardians.And their rule will be that viewed as dictatorship. Plato called this tower by the virtuous (Heywood, 200776). As it was said by Plato himself that the states troubles will never end and civilisation itself, till the ground is ruled by philosophers being kings. Plato states that political power must be in the hands of kings (Plato, 2007 192). i can say that Plato came with really good points as to why learned person should be the ones put in rouse to rule and govern the world and for them to bring happiness and justice to the world it may look like the ideal Republic.But still with all that said it is still unrealistic. And to further show that that is unrealistic, as it was said by Aristotle man by nature is a political animal and it is ineluctable for all. People will always have something to say as to how they would like to see things happening and people will alwa ys want to voice out their opinions about what they do not like and how it should be done. People want to be involved in decisions that will continue them at the end of the day.Platos argument is seen as unrealistic because it is like he is asking people to just turn a dip eye in the political process and also to leave their rights and opinions in the hands of the philosophers and is so doing they will be giving in to being dictated. All one sees is that Platos ideal state will be just unfit, the same thing that he said about a democratic state, and it is just unfit. Platos argument could be seen as logical as he states that philosophers have the capacity to grasp the eternal and unequivocal, as it is clear to see that common men or the public have no true knowledge of reality to govern themselves (Plato, 2007 204).Nevertheless, this argument is not persuasive or realistic in contemporary politics and the modern state, for a number of reasons. Platos idea of specialization is al so linked to justice, which he considers to be structural, as political justice is a result of a structured city, where individual justice is a result of a structured soul, and where each member of the polis has a specific swap for which he has a natural aptitude (Reeve 2009, 69). Ruling is a achievement (Wolff 2006, 68), which requires special training available to few.At the same time, philosophers must possess qualities that enable them to rule for instance, they must be able to recognize the balance between friend and foe, good and bad. Above all, philosophers must love wisdom (Nichols 1984, 254), as the rule of the wise leads to the reigning of justice, as philosophy becomes sovereign. Justice is a virtue, as is knowledge, which requires understanding. Understanding refers to goodness, and thus, knowledge and goodness are one. The philosopher kings have virtue as they have knowledge, and thus, according to Plato, their rule is justified. Conclusion.